|
The Turin–Lyon high-speed railway is a planned -long, railway line〔 Nuova linea Torino-Lione parte comune tratta italiana - Progetto in variante - Studio d'impatto ambientale - sintesi non tecnica 9-7-2010 (document PP2 C3C TS3 0105A AP NOT)〕 that will connect the two cities and link the Italian and French high-speed rail networks. Civil engineering work has up to now been limited to construction of access points and geological reconnaissance tunneling.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ltf-sas.com/pages/dossiers.php?rub_id=115 )〕 Actual construction of the line was initially planned to start in 2014–2015,〔http://www.ltf-sas.com/pages/articles.php?art_id=79%7CCalendario〕 but funding was delayed. The project was approved in 2015 for a cost of €25 billion, of which €8 billion is for the base tunnel.〔(Lyon-Turin project )〕 Construction is expected to take approximately 10 years. The line was part of "Corridor 6"—now modified and renamed as "Mediterranean"—of the TEN-T Trans-European conventional rail network, since its design speed of is slightly below the threshold used by the European Commission to define high-speed railways.〔(Decision No 661/2010/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on Union guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network )〕 The new line will considerably shorten the journey times, and its reduced gradients and much wider curves compared to the existing line will allow heavy freight trains to transit at between the two countries. The core of the project is a crossing the Alps between Susa valley in Italy and Maurienne in France.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ltf-sas.com/pages/articles.php?art_id=266 )〕 The tunnel will be one of the longest rail tunnels in the world and it represents one third of the estimated overall cost of the project. The project has been criticized for its cost, because traffic (both by motorway and rail) is currently decreasing,〔http://www.bav.admin.ch/verlagerung/01529/index.html?lang=fr〕 for potential environmental risks involved in the construction of the tunnel, and because airplanes would still, after including time to and from the airport and through security, be slightly faster over the Milan-Paris route. A report by the French Court of Audit questioned the realism of the costs estimates and traffic forecasts.〔(), ()〕 ==Preliminary studies== The worthiness of the new line has been the subject of heated debate, primarily in Italy, but recently in France as well. An Italian governmental commission has been studying all the issues since 2006, after attempting to impose the start of works in 2005 near Susa (Italy), which resulted in a strong confrontation between the local population and police.〔Quaderno 1 - p. 4〕 Works of the commission between 2007 and 2009 have been collected in seven papers (''Quaderni'') summarizing the results. An eighth paper focused on cost–benefit analysis was unveiled in June 2012 but criticized by some experts for contents and for publication timing. Test drilling have found some coal-bearing schists that are poorly suited for a tunnel boring machine, and Drilling and blasting will be used for the corresponding section.〔(Design and construction )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Turin–Lyon high-speed railway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|